The global chemical marketplace has become a highly competitive landscape characterized by significant growth and advancements. Key factors shaping this environment include rising global demand for products, coupled with strict policies aimed at promoting environmental and health standards. Addition

Nanoparticles have emerged as promising materials in various fields, including biomedical applications. However, the potential toxicity of these nanoparticles remains a pressing concern. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), a particular type of nanoparticle capable of converting near-infrared light t